Hard Chrome
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Chrome
Chrome may refer to:
(most commonly) chrome plating where the element chromium is fixed to a surface
(in pop culture) Chrome, a music group from San Francisco that was most active from the late 1970s to the 1980s
(in literature) Burning Chrome, a series of short stories by William Gibson
(in computing applications) UI Chrome is a generic term to widgets and "windows" used in a program as a container for another
(in computer gaming) Chrome, a sci-fi FPS by Techland
Chrome Plating
Chrome plating is a finishing treatment utilizing the electrolytic deposition of chromium. The most common form of chrome plating is the thin, decorative ''bright chrome'', which is typically a 10 µm layer over a underlying nickel plate. It imparts a mirror-like finish to items such as metal furniture frames and automotive trim. Thicker deposits, up to 1000 µm, are called ''hard chrome'' and are used in industrial equipment to reduce friction and wear and to restore the dimensions of equipment that has experienced wear.
Chromium Plating Solutions
There are two types of chromium plating solutions: hexavalent chromium baths whose main ingredient is chromic anhydride and trivalent chromium baths whose main ingredient is chromium sulfate or chromium chloride. Trivalent chromium baths are not yet common, due to restrictions concerning color, brittleness, and plating thickness.
Typical Bath Composition and Operation of the Hexavalent Bath
Chromic acid (CrO3): 250–300 g/l
Sulfuric acid: 2.5–3.0 g/l
Operating Temperature: 45–60 °C
Plating current: 1.55–3.10 kiloamperes per square meter DC
Maximum superimposed AC ripple allowed is 18%, preferred ripple is 5% to 10%
Anodes: lead with up to 7% tin or antimony.
Chromium may be stripped anodically in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
The materials described herein are extremely hazardous. They are toxic, corrosive and damaging to the environment. Their use, storage, and disposal are governed by law in most jurisdictions. Personal safety equipment and proper containment facilities are considered mandatory.
Quality Requirements
Chrome plate shall be uniform in thickness on all surfaces, which can be touched by a sphere of 20 mm diameter. Plate shall be smooth, homogeneous and free from frosty areas, pin holes, pits, nodules, and other defects.
Stainless steel
Burning Chrome
''Burning Chrome'' (ISBN 0060539828) is a collection of short stories written by William Gibson. Most stories take place in the Sprawl, the world of his later novel Neuromancer, and many ideas were later used in Gibson's novels in the Sprawl Trilogy.
Burning Chrome was published in 1986, and includes:
''Johnny Mnemonic''
''The Gernsback Continuum''
''Fragments of a Hologram Rose''
''The Belonging Kind'', with John Shirley
''Hinterlands''
''Red Star, Winter Orbit'', with Bruce Sterling
''New Rose Hotel''
''The Winter Market''
''Dogfight'', with Michael Swanwick
''Burning Chrome''
Category:Books by title
Category:The Sprawl trilogy
it:La notte che bruciammo Chrome
Chrome (Band)
Chrome was one of the first industrial musical groups. At its core, Chrome consisted of Helios Creed (guitar) and Damon Edge (Drums and synthesizers), although it was formed by Gary Spain (bass, guitar, vocals) and Edge in 1976. At that time the band also included Gary Lambdin (vocals, guitar and bass) and Mike Low (guitar, synth, and bass). After the first LP, ''The Visitation'', Low and Lambdin left, and after the second LP, ''Alien Soundtracks'', Spain became increasingly less involved with the band.
When they split the band up, Damon Edge continued on with the name, playing with the Bros. Stench. The music was a good bit different: still loud abrasive post-punk music, but less experimental in texture. Edge moved to Berlin, and released several records under the name Chrome.
Damon Edge died in Los Angeles the summer of 1995, of heart failure.
After Damon's death, Helios picked up the name and began releasing new material.
Discography
The following discography is from the official Chrome website.
Original Period
''the works of Creed and Edge together, in San Francisco''
The Visitation (1977)
Alien Soundtracks (1978)
Half Machine Lip Moves (1979)
Subterranean Modern (1979) - Various Artists
Read Only Memory (1979) - Mini Album
New Age (1980) - 7" Single
Red Exposure (1980)
Inworlds (1981) - 12" Single
Blood on the Moon (1981)
Firebomb (1982) - 7" Single
3rd from the Sun (1982)
Anorexic Sacrifice (1982) - 7" Single
No Humans Allowed (1982)
Chrome Box (1982) - 6 Album Set
The Chronicles I (1982)
The Chronicles II (1982)
Raining Milk (1983)
Chrome / Bauhaus: Live in London (1984) - Various Artist VHS
Chromosome Damage (1986) - Bootleg Album
Damon Period
''Produced by Damon Edge in Europe''
Into the Eyes of the Zombie King (1984)
The Lyon Concert (1985)
Another World (1986)
Eternity (1986)
Dossiers (1986)
Dreaming in Sequence
Chrome Plating
Hard chromium layers (over 10 microns)can be used in various applications and consequently subject to different types of quality requirements.
Hard chromium layers on piston rods of hydraulic cylinders are tested on corrosion resistance in salt spray cabinets. Because these are destructive tests, only representative sample material can be tested. The salt spray solutions and the conditions in the cabinet are normed as well as the evaluation of the result after the test. The duration of the test is depending the agressivity of the test and the the general expectation the industry has developed for this type of materials.
Chrome Yellow
Chrome Yellow is a natural yellow pigment made of lead chromate (PbO4). It was first extracted from the mineral crocoite by the French chemist Louis Vauquelin in 1809. Over time the pigment tends to oxidize and darken on exposure to air. Also it contains lead, a toxic, heavy metal. It has therefore been largely replaced by another pigment, cadmium yellow.
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''Chrome Yellow'' is also the title of a novel by Aldous Huxley.
category:pigments
Chrome, Smoke & BBQ
Chrome, Smoke & BBQ is a box set by American blues-rock band ZZ Top, released in 2003 (see 2003 in music).
Track listing
all songs by Frank Beard, Billy Gibbons and Dusty Hill, except where noted
Disc 1
#"You Make Me Shake" (Gibbons) - 3:02
#*performed by Moving Sidewalks
#"Joe Blues" (Gibbons, Dan Mitchell, Tom Moore, Don Summers) - 7:36
#*performed by Moving Sidewalks
#"Crimson Witch" (Gibbons) - 3:03
#*performed by Moving Sidewalks
#"Miller's Farm" (Gibbons) - 2:36
#"Salt Lick" (Gibbons) - 2:46
#"Brown Sugar" (Gibbons) - 5:22
#"Goin' Down to Mexico" (Gibbons, Bill Ham, Hill) - 3:22
#"Just Got Back from Baby's" (Gibbons, Ham) - 4:10
#"Francine" (Kenny Cordray, Gibbons, Steve Perron) - 3:34
#"Just Got Paid" (Gibbons, Ham) - 4:28
#"Ko Ko Blue" - 4:32
#"Chevrolet" (Gibbons) - 3:21
#"Bar-B-Q" (Gibbons, Ham) - 3:28
#"Sure Got Cold After the Rain Fell" (Gibbons) - 7:20
#"Whiskey'n Mama" (Beard, Gibbons, Ham, Hill) - 3:22
#"La Grange" - 3:53
#"Waitin' for the Bus" (Gibbons, Hill) - 2:53
#"Jesus Just Left Chicago" - 3:30
#"Beer Drinkers & Hell Raisers" - 3:25
#"Master of Sparks" (Gibbons) - 3:30
Disc 2
#"Precious and Grace" - 3:11
#"Shiek" (Gibbons, Hill) - 4:06
#"Thunderbird" live - 3:04
#"Jailhouse Rock" live (Jerry Leiber, Mike Stoller) - 1:55
#"Nasty Dogs and Funky Kings" - 2:45
#"Heard It on the X" - 2:26
#"Blue Jean Blues" - 4:45
#"Mexican Blackbird" - 3:06
#"Tush" - 2:18
#"It's Only Love" - 4:23
#"Arrested for Driving While Blind" - 3:06
#"El Diablo" - 4:22
#"Enjoy and Get It On" - 3:25
#"She's a Heartbreaker" - 3:03
#"Asleep in the Desert" (Gibbons) - 3:29
#"I Thank You" (Isaac Hayes, David Porter) - 3:26
#"Cheap Sunglasses" - 4:48
#"I'm Bad, I'm Nationwide" - 4:49
#"A Fool for Your Stockings" - 4:15
#Degüello Album Radio Spot - 1:02
#"Manic Mechanic" - 2:38
#"She Loves My Automobile" - 2:24
#"Leila" - 3:16
#"Tube Snake Boogie" - 3:02
Disc 3
#"I Wanna Drive You Home" - 4:48
#"It's So Hard" - 5:11
#"Pearl Necklace" - 4:06
#"Heaven,
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Hard Chrome
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